Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than infrared radiations with a frequency of 30 GHz to 300Ghz. They are used for communication, satellite transmission and broadcasting purposes through air as a mode of transmission. They do not impose any harm on the human body. IT is generated by a transmitter with the help of an antenna and detected by a receiver. It can be absorbed by aluminium, copper and result in interference of transmission. Radio frequency radiation can cause tissue damage and body burn.

Encoding of data through radio waves :

It uses binary data zero and ones to encode and transmit data. In order to transmit sound or data radio waves can be modified. It can easily escape through bricks, concrete, wood etc and cannot escape through water and metals. TV, WiFi work on the same principle of signal transmission. Radio waves use around 4 x 10^-10 eV. 

Types of radio waves used in communication :

• Infrared
• Microwaves
• Gamma-rays
• X-rays
• UV rays

Radio waves are used in mobile communication, modern technology navigation systems, wireless computer networks, satellite communications and in other applications as well. Radars are used to locate ships, aircrafts, missiles and spacecrafts. In navigation it uses GPS/VOR, in wireless it uses drones, keyless entry systems and garage door openers. It also has applications in microwave, ovens, diathermy and MRI machines which do not involve radio signals.

Uses of radio waves :

• Remote controlled toys
• Air traffic control
• Cellular telephony
• Navigation
• Television

Enabling Radio Frequencies through IoT Wireless Technology

IoT wireless technology plays an important role in connecting software systems with humans. IoT requires radio frequency to broadcast transmitting signals or data. Radio frequencies are operated on multiple types of bands : Licensed bands (Cellular, TV), Unlicensed (WiFi, Bluetooth) and Forbidden bands( Governmental and public organizations). 

• Low range IoT radio solutions are cellular networks, Low power wide area networks, Long range, Sigfox and Ingenu and satellite
• Medium range of IoT radio solutions  are Zigbee, Thread, Zwave and WiFi
• Short range IoT radio solutions are Bluetooth, radio frequency identification

Applications of Radio waves :

• Audio Radio broadcasting
• Video Television Broadcasting
• Broadcasting
• Two way voice communication
• Data communication
• One way communication
• Radar
• Radio location
• Space communication
• Remote control
• Scientific research
• Jamming

Radio Technology is widely used for public safety communications, 5G NR network, JTRS Software Communications Architecture, TV white spaces for low power wide area networks, IoT technologies in unlicensed spectrum, Receiver and digital radio architecture and Aircraft Avionics.